Exploring the Advantages and Disadvantages of Floods

Flooding Basics

By: Marielle Mateo, Forestry Program Coordinator, Mississippi Park Connection

Have you ever wondered why flooding happens? It's an important question to ask, especially if you live near the Mississippi River! To help answer this question, we asked Marielle Mateo, the Forestry Program Coordinator at Mississippi Park Connection. We delved into topics such as why flooding occurs, and how it can be both beneficial and dangerous.

Why does flooding happen?

On the mighty Mississippi River, flooding is part of the natural annual cycle of the river. Typically occurring after major precipitation events, especially in the springtime. During this season, a combination of snow melt and rainfall causes the river to fill and overflow onto the surrounding land. However, with the effects of climate change and human-built structures, such as dams and levees, flooding is becoming increasingly unpredictable and severe. This is leading to a greater need for understanding and managing the risks associated with flooding. Learn more about how our changing climate affect the Mississippi river.

What is the importance of flooding and how it is beneficial to the environment and trees?

Did you know that flooding can actually be great for the environment? Flooding plays an essential role in the environment, particularly in floodplain ecosystems. Floodplains are flat, forested areas near bodies of water, such as lakes and rivers. These unique ecosystems, found throughout the National Mississippi River and Recreation Area, are shaped by the river's erosion and the health of their forests.

Seasonal flooding in a healthy floodplain forest is a net positive. Floods deposit sediments and minerals that replenish floodplain soils, while bringing in moisture and nutrients for floodplain trees. Floods also create more habitat for birds migrating north along the Mississippi River Flyway.

Additionally, flooding helps maintain river and wetland ecosystems by providing important water sources and improving water quality. In the absence of flooding, these ecosystems may become overgrown with vegetation, leading to stagnation and decreased biodiversity. Therefore, although flooding can be dangerous and destructive, it also plays a critical role in maintaining healthy ecosystems.

Mississippi Park Connection and the National Park Service, Science Museum of Minnesota created an interactive StoryMap about Mississippi’s floodplain forest and MPC’s efforts to protect them. Check it out here!

Flooding sounds scary! How do we stay safe during flooding?

Flooding can indeed be scary, and safety should always be a top priority during flood events. Here are some tips on how to stay safe:

Pay attention to flood warnings and weather forecasts.
Avoid getting close to flooded areas, as rising water can be swift and dangerous.
Do not travel through flooded areas, especially if the water is still rising.
If you are caught in a flash flood, evacuate to higher ground immediately.
Avoid crossing streams during a flash flood.
Keep in mind that just six inches of water can cause your car to lose control or even stall, and a foot or more of water can float your car.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Flood Education

Flooding from a Trees Perspective:
“As a floodplain tree, I’ve seen my fair share of flooding along the Mississippi River. It’s a natural part of the river’s cycle and crucial to maintaining our unique ecosystem. But I’ve also noticed that flooding is becoming more unpredictable and extreme due to climate change and human interference.” - the Cottonwood

Cottonwood at Harriet Regional Park 4/25/23

parkconnectionMay 9, 2023